Authors
   Cieslewicz G. Tomkinson A. Adler A. Duez C. Schwarze J. Takeda K. Larson
   KA. Lee JJ. Irvin CG. Gelfand EW.
Institution
   Division of Basic Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Department of
   Medicine, National Jewish Medical and Research Center, Denver, Colorado
   80206, USA.
Title
   The late, but not early, asthmatic response is dependent on IL-5 and
   correlates with eosinophil infiltration.
Source
   Journal of Clinical Investigation. 104(3):301-8, 1999 Aug.
Abstract
   Early-phase reactions (EPRs) and late-phase reactions (LPRs) are
   characteristic features of bronchial asthma, although the pathogenetic
   mechanisms responsible for each of the responses are not fully defined. A
   murine model of EPRs and LPRs was developed to investigate the role of
   IL-5 and eosinophils in development of both responses. After initial
   intraperitoneal sensitization and airway challenge to ovalbumin (OVA),
   mice were provoked by additional exposure to OVA. An EPR, characterized by
   a transient increase in airway responsiveness, was observed 5-30 minutes
   after antigen provocation. This response was followed by an LPR that
   reached its maximum at 6 hours after challenge and was characterized by
   increased airway responsiveness and significant lung eosinophilia. The EPR
   was blocked by cromoglycate and albuterol, whereas the LPR was abolished
   by cromoglycate and hydrocortisone. Before provocation with allergen,
   administration of anti-IL-5 antibody prevented the influx of eosinophils
   into the lung tissue and abolished the LPR but not EPR. These results
   suggest that IL-5 and eosinophils are essential for development of the
   LPR, but not EPR, in this model.